yaqanjwa nini i-vacuum flask

I-thermos yinto eqhelekileyo yasekhaya eguqule indlela esigcina ngayo kwaye sitye iziselo ezishushu nezibandayo.Uyilo lwayo olukrelekrele lusivumela ukuba sonwabele iziselo zethu esizithandayo kubushushu obufunekayo, nokuba sisendleleni okanye sihleli kwidesika yethu.Kodwa ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba yabakho nini le mveliso imangalisayo?Ndijoyine kuhambo lokuhamba ixesha lokufumanisa imvelaphi ye-thermos kunye nokucinga okuguquguqukayo emva kokudalwa kwayo.

Yasekwa:

Ibali le-thermos liqala ngoMhlekazi uJames Dewar, isazinzulu saseSkotlani ngenkulungwane ye-19.Ngo-1892, uMhlekazi uDewar wenza ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza “i-thermos”, inqanawa yoguquko enokugcina ulwelo lushushu okanye lubanda ixesha elide.Waphenjelelwa luphando lwakhe lwenzululwazi ngeegesi ezinyibilikayo, ezazifuna ukugquma ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu obugqithiseleyo.

Ukufunyanwa kukaDewar kwaphawula isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwinkalo ye-thermodynamics.Iibhotile zokufunxa, ezikwaziwa njengeebhotile ze-Dewar, zinezikhongozeli ezinodonga oluphindwe kabini.Isikhongozeli sangaphakathi sibamba ulwelo, ngelixa isithuba phakathi kweendonga sivacuum-itywinwe ukunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu nge-convection kunye nokuhanjiswa.

URhwebo kunye nokuqhubela phambili:

Emva kokuba uDewar enelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, ibhotile yevacuum iye yaphuculwa ngokurhweba ngabaqambi abahlukeneyo kunye neenkampani.Ngo-1904, i-glassblower yaseJamani u-Reinhold Burger waphucula kuyilo lwe-Dewar ngokususa isitya seglasi sangaphakathi kunye nemvulophu yeglasi ehlala ixesha elide.Oku kuphindaphindwa kwaba sisiseko se-thermos yanamhlanje esiyisebenzisayo namhlanje.

Nangona kunjalo, akuzange kube ngowe-1911 apho iiflaski ze-thermos zafumana ukuthandwa ngokubanzi.Injineli yaseJamani kunye nomqambi uCarl von Linde waphucula ngakumbi uyilo ngokongeza ukucwenga kwesilivere kwiglasi.Oku kuphucula ukufakwa kwe-thermal, okwandisa ukugcinwa kobushushu.

Ukwamkelwa kwehlabathi kunye nokuthandwa:

Njengoko lonke ihlabathi liye lafumana umoya wezakhono ezimangalisayo ze-thermos, ngokukhawuleza yafumana ukuthandwa.Abavelisi baqala ukuvelisa iibhotile ze-thermos ngobuninzi, bezenza zifikeleleke kubantu abavela kuzo zonke iindlela zobomi.Ngokufika kwentsimbi engenasici, ityala lafumana uphuculo olukhulu, linikezela ngokuzinzileyo kunye nobuhle obuthambileyo.

Ukuguquguquka kwe-thermos kwenza ukuba ibe yinto yendlu kunye nokusetyenziswa okuninzi.Ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kubahambi, abakhenkethi, kunye nabahambi, okubenza ukuba bonwabele isiselo esishushu kuhambo lwabo lohambo.Udumo lwayo luye lwakhuthazwa ngakumbi kukubaluleka kwayo njengesitya esiphathwayo nesithembekileyo kwiziselo ezishushu nezibandayo.

I-Evolution kunye nenguqulelo yangoku:

Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, iibhotile ze-thermos ziye zaqhubeka nokuvela.Abavelisi bazise iimpawu ezifana nezixhobo zokugalela ezilula, iikomityi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, kunye nobuchwephesha obukrelekrele obulandelela kwaye bubeke iliso kumaqondo obushushu.Olu phuculo luhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi, okwenza iibhotile ze-thermos zibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

Uhambo olumangalisayo lwe-thermos ukusuka kumfuniselo wesayensi ukuya kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla lububungqina bobuchule bomntu kunye nomnqweno wokuphucula amava ethu emihla ngemihla.UMhlekazi uJames Dewar, uReinhold Burger, uCarl von Linde kunye nabanye abangenakubalwa bahlahle indlela yokwenziwa kolu phawu, besenza ukuba Sikwazi ukurhabula iziselo zethu esizithandayo kubushushu obugqibeleleyo nanini na, naphi na.Njengoko siqhubeka nokwamkela kunye nokuvuselela oku kuqanjwa kwexesha elide, i-thermos ihlala isisimboli sokulula, ukuzinza kunye nobuchule bomntu.